For operating agencies, then, MLs are about proactively managing traffic demand. How they are configured and deployed can be changed to suit the strategic aims of an individual road authority. For example, some authorities may use MLs to encourage drivers to maintain a minimum speed to optimize traffic throughput. Others may be focused on revenue generation. In some cases, authorities adopt more than one ML strategy at the same time.
Essentially operating as a ‘freeway within a freeway’, there are many different applications for ML technology. These include:
- Vehicle specific lanes
These may be bus-only or truck-only lanes.
- High Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lanes
These can only be used by vehicles with more than 2 or 3 people traveling in them.
- Express Toll Lanes (ETL)
These require drivers of vehicles to pay a toll, irrespective of vehicle type or occupancy.
- High Occupancy Toll (HOT) lanes
In this system, only low-occupancy vehicles have to pay a toll.
- Reversible lanes
In some cases, traffic authorities use MLs in order to change the direction of traffic flow at different times of the day.